Sexsomnia: Understanding a Rare Sleep Disorder

Sleep disorders come in various forms, affecting individuals in different ways. One such disorder that has garnered attention is sexsomnia, a parasomnia characterized by sexual behaviors that occur during sleep. In this comprehensive article, we will explore the phenomenon of sexsomnia, its causes, psychosocial implications, and potential treatments. We will draw insights from various sources, including a rare case presentation involving a military service member, to provide a comprehensive understanding of this intriguing sleep disorder.

What is Sexsomnia?

Sexsomnia, also known as sleep sex or sleep-related sexual behaviors, is a rare sleep disorder classified as a subtype of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) parasomnia. NREM parasomnias encompass a range of sleep-related events that occur during the transition between sleep stages or during deep sleep. Sexsomnia specifically refers to sexual behaviors that occur during sleep, such as masturbation, fondling, or even attempted intercourse.

Individuals with sexsomnia typically have no recollection of these behaviors, as they occur during NREM sleep and are not associated with dreams. Sleep experts believe that sexsomnia is likely triggered by a combination of genetic predisposition and external factors such as sleep deprivation, stress, or substance use. It predominantly affects men, and its prevalence in the general population remains largely unknown, as many individuals may be unaware or hesitant to seek medical assistance.

Key Characteristics of Sexsomnia

Here are key points to understand about sexsomnia:

Types of Behaviors:

Sexsomnia can manifest in various sexual behaviors during sleep, including masturbation, fondling, sexual vocalizations, or even sexual assault. The behaviors can occur during any stage of sleep, including non-REM (rapid eye movement) and REM sleep.

Lack of Awareness:

Individuals with sexsomnia are typically unaware of their actions. They may have no recollection of the events that occurred during sleep, and the behaviors are often discovered by a bed partner or reported by others.

Onset and Frequency:

Sexsomnia can develop at any age but is more commonly reported in adolescence or early adulthood. The frequency of episodes can vary, with some individuals experiencing occasional events, while others may have more frequent occurrences.

Triggers and Associations:

Sleep deprivation, stress, alcohol consumption, and certain medications may act as triggers for sexsomnia episodes. There can also be associations with other sleep disorders, such as sleepwalking or night terrors.

A Rare Case: Sexsomnia in a Military Service Member

While cases of sexsomnia are relatively rare, they can have significant implications, particularly in unique settings such as the military. In a case involving a 40-year-old male soldier, multiple episodes of sleep masturbation prompted his evaluation in a sleep clinic. The patient expressed concerns about his suitability for deployment to a combat zone and participation in field training exercises, which required sleeping in groups in an open environment.

Video polysomnography confirmed moderate obstructive sleep apnea, and the patient showed improvement with continuous positive airway pressure therapy.

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This case highlights the importance of understanding sexsomnia in military populations and the potential impact on a service member’s professional duties and personal life. Sleep disorders and chronic sleep deprivation are prevalent among military personnel due to the demands of their operational tempo, making it crucial for healthcare providers to be knowledgeable about the unique challenges associated with managing sexsomnia in this population.

Psychosocial Implications of Sexsomnia

Sexsomnia can have profound psychosocial implications for both the individual experiencing it and their bed partner. The unconscious nature of sleep-related sexual behaviors can cause confusion, fear, and emotional distress, particularly when the affected individual has no memory of their actions. Bed partners may experience a range of emotions, from enjoyment to fear or even instances of violence. The impact on relationships and family dynamics can be significant, as highlighted by the case of a husband who experienced distress due to his wife’s sexsomnia episodes.

In some cases, sexsomnia has led to legal proceedings, with individuals facing accusations of sexual assault. However, sexsomnia has also been successfully used as a legal defense in certain instances, emphasizing the complexities and challenges in proving the condition in a legal setting. The psychosocial consequences of sexsomnia extend beyond the immediate individuals involved, affecting relationships, self-esteem, and overall well-being.

Diagnosis and Treatment Approach

Diagnosing sexsomnia can be challenging, as individuals may not be aware of their behaviors or may feel embarrassed to seek medical assistance. Sleep studies, such as video polysomnography, can help capture the behaviors as they occur and provide evidence for diagnosis. The diagnostic process may also involve gathering detailed accounts from bed partners or family members who have witnessed the episodes.

Treating sexsomnia often involves addressing underlying sleep disorders or factors that contribute to its occurrence. Improving sleep hygiene, reducing stress and anxiety, and avoiding substances like alcohol or drugs that can exacerbate sleep disturbances can be beneficial. In some cases, medications such as paroxetine have been used successfully to resolve sexsomnia episodes.

The Importance of Mental Health Support

The psychosocial implications of sexsomnia highlight the importance of mental health support for individuals and their partners. Seeking assistance from qualified professionals, such as online counselors or therapists, can provide a safe space to discuss concerns, navigate relationship challenges, and develop coping strategies. Services like Inquire Talk offer online counseling, therapy, and psychotherapy to individuals seeking support for various mental health issues, including those related to sexsomnia. These services aim to improve overall well-being and promote healthier relationships.

Conclusion

Sexsomnia is a rare sleep disorder that can have significant psychosocial implications for both individuals and their bed partners. Understanding the causes, diagnosis, and treatment options for sexsomnia is crucial in providing appropriate care and support. Furthermore, recognizing the unique challenges faced by specific populations, such as military service members, can help healthcare providers tailor interventions to meet their needs. By prioritizing mental health and seeking professional assistance, individuals and their partners can navigate the complexities of sexsomnia and work toward healthier and more fulfilling lives.

At Inquire Talk, we understand the importance of mental health and well-being in relationships. Our passionate therapists are dedicated to providing online counselling, therapy, and psychotherapy to individuals seeking support and assistance. If you’re looking for better dating experiences, improved relationships, or simply need someone to talk to, our team is here to help. Visit our website to learn more about our services and begin your journey towards a healthier and happier you.

Here are few certified therapists who you can get in touch and book a therapy session with:

Sylvia Cowell

Diego Tinte

Sandra Retmanski